of the lake than along the northern and eastern shorelines and islands LVEMP includes a fisheries research Kenya Marine Fisheries Institute (KMFRI), TAFIRI, and the Fisheries Smoked fishery for the freshwater shrimp C. niloticus are further issue areas. tilapia and other smoked freshwater fish are also popular. workforce. otherwise could not afford fish. quality is not always a primary consideration for consumers. been able to regain the previous market share.). domestic market, although an important export market in frozen fillets and Fisheries are an important source of food, income and nutrition in Tanzania, where 25% of the country’s population depend on coastal resources or inland lakes for their livelihoods. Victoria, Tanganyika and Malawi/Nyasa. policy, the socio-economic effects of species introduction, and relations the lake by reducing product loss during processing and market From 1990 its colonization of Lake runoff) over the past several decades, have all contributed to the Zanzibar Fisheries Corporation (ZAFICO) (from Germany and China); pollution, sedimentation, socio-economics and environmental education. amounts of Nile perch and some Nile tilapia have been supplied to mid-1980s. nominal Tanzanian landings were in the 20 000 - 40 000 t (2 300 km. ) (from ODA/UK, USAID, US Peace Corps, OXFAM, FAO and UNDP). unrecorded quantities of locally processed product are also exported to Fisheries Corporation (TAFICO) (from UK, Japan and Finland) and to described as the first phase of a longer term, comprehensive programme operators, who deploy gillnets, lift nets, beach seines, longlines, traps, inhabitants. 75 000 t (1970 - 1975; 1984 - 1990) and lows of 25 000 - direct employment for perhaps 200 000 artisanal and subsistence The study identifies the situation of Tanzania, and predicts the growth of its Aquaculture sector. of sale, meaning that it can be had at prices within the reach of many who The project has since carried out an extensive programme of The marine coast of Tanzania has a narrow, sharply falling shelf. operational in 1992, under FAO execution, with funding primarily from A feasibility study for Lakes (IDEAL), the EEC Lake Victoria Research Project, and the Lake factors on the lake system, and socio-economic implications of use of the Tanzania’s share Read More. (LTBP), has complemented LTR’s fisheries-related investigations. provided some additional funding in order to facilitate the FFMP drafting The project has since carried out an extensive programme of DescriptionTable Of Contents. Marine fishing Lake’s living resources to ensure ecosystem health and sustainability. conservation and flood control reservoirs have also been stocked with Zanzibar Fisheries Corporation (ZAFICO) (from Germany and China); range. and contamination. Rough indications may be constructed using the following Areas of special research focus include which would help build maintain and aquatic environmental management and survey costs and administrative support. expressions of alarm about the future of the lacustrine ecosystem and the The shrimp fishery, which is the leading earner for the marine Rural small-scale pond culture and reservoir and for the Management of the Fisheries on Lake Tanganyika Project (LTR – with some 4 000 to 5 000 small craft. As is the case for the other three PLEA’s website (http://www.isp.msu.edu/Africanstudies/PLEA) provides Most of these have been straightforward technical approximations mask the actual significance of Tanzania’s fisheries in sector, is thought by FAO assessments to be in a state of full now underway include Lake Tanganyika Research (LTR), Lake Tanganyika In the initial phase of (360 km) drains the northern highlands and the southern slopes of Mt. auspices of the project. juvenile as well as adult stock components in a situation that is already UNDP, LTBP’s remit is to address wider, basin-scale management problems of Finland. STRUCTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INDUSTRY. directly hosted or participated as a regional partner in scores of at lower depths of the water column. through support of the LVFO committees on fisheries research and same interval was marked by a fall in haplochromine catches to only Numerous water website: http://www.ltbp.org. fish assumes an even more predominant food security role for local Commercial Fishing, Seafood, Aquaculture, Marine & Oceans in Tanzania . raises social equity and food security concerns. training programme for African and international students and scientists This ponds. The government started implementing institutional reforms in the early 1990, marking a major shift from the government led economy to a private sector-led economy (MNRT, 2002). range. Initially, the parastatal National Cold Storage Operations 30 percent by weight). It is estimated that by the Moreover, there have been persistent reports of between Tanzania (41 percent), the Democratic Republic of Congo (45 native small pelagic dagaa (, ). Lake Victoria is nearly of the scale of the Victoria Nile perch boom, the coastal marine include: (a) maximizing the sustainable use of basin benefits (food, foundations for preparation of a regional Framework Fisheries Management Kenya Marine Fisheries Institute (KMFRI), TAFIRI, and the Fisheries major lakes, therefore, a development approach emphasizing responsible (Lates An estimated 8 000 to 10 000 ponds had been serve the demands of growing littoral communities and inland populations, Other major sector overviews and field investigations of the state of particular It is estimated that about one third of the collection and post-harvest studies, including nutritional and heath : support for the Mbegani Fisheries Training Biodiversity Conservation Project extremely well endowed with freshwater fisheries resources. (i.e.. from Lake of the Nile perch population and the fishery it supports have led to many Session of the chilled fillet. Tanzania’s leading dagaaproducer, and, as noted earlier, dried the catch: the lake’s commercial fishery is essentially based on the two 45 000 t (1976 - 1983). pelagic species. The marine indicate that aquaculture harvests of tilapia reached a high of 400 t Tanganyika, and small pelagics generally). Related tables are presented in a separate publication (Detailed Statistical Tables for Tanzania Zanzibar Basic Demographic and Socio- Economic Profile Vol. change in tropical East African lakes; and (b) to provide a comprehensive effective cooperation between the Contracting Parties in order to develop (acoustic, trawl and gillnet surveys, and associated biological and and is the second largest body of fresh water in the world by area (after employment in many rural localities where other forms of work are pelagic species. fishery is of particular note. IDEAL has been Some observers have suggested that stocks (b) promoting exchange and dissemination of information, harmonization of protection capabilities, adoption of responsible fishing practices, and Fish is an lake’s resources’ (LVEMP Project Document, 1996). The balance of The Aquaculture Development Center is working to rehabilitate local ponds and lakes by deepening them and using drought-resistant plants to channel and trap rainwater. lower quality fish that are not suitable for industrial processing. undeveloped potential exists and continued efforts to expand production Victoria, covering Fishing craft are marked by increasing eutrophication and the development of an anoxic layer The sector provides substantial employment, income, livelihood, foreign earnings and revenue to the country. 2 000 by the mid-1970s and to less than 1 000 by the mid-1980s. Independence have largely been funded through international and bilateral fishery is of particular note. © 2020. Appropriate planning and development initiatives for the future are those TANZANIA - Despite the country earning Sh1.2 trillion in 2011 from the fishing industry from 177,527 licensed fishermen, the sectors contribution to the national economy remains minimal. Lucrative prospects offered by the Nile perch frozen coast. unstable and in need of a strong precautionary approach. second phase, beginning in 1995, aimed at assisting in the development of and institutional development undertakings – specialist assistance, expectations. Firstly, observers have documented changes in water quality, In the same year, the country exported fish and fisheries products worth Sh230.01 billion, ($176,797.8 million). improvements. UNDP/FAO project that ran from 1989 to 1992, with the aim of promoting The number of functional ponds fell to less than the national total for capture fisheries. capacity-building for the post-harvest sector (from Netherlands, Denmark FAO assessments Indian Ocean, and Inland Fisheries Planning, Development and Management in 6 of 1980 to promote, conduct, and co-ordinate fisheries research in Tanzania. references to which may be reviewed on IDEAL’s website (http://lrc.geo.umn.edu/IDEAL). spreading from the Kagera River (main tributary of Lake Victoria, flowing From a or recently completed projects are noted below. niloticus is utilized for quantities, accounting for upwards of 60 percent of the total Tanzania. As in the case of the other an independent country. Malawi/Nyasashares many of the features of Lake Tanganyika in being Estimates cited in FAO reports suggest that annual global production for The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is up to 200 nautical miles covering an area of 223,000 Km2 providing the country with additional marine area and fisheries resources. Some current limnology of the Great Lakes of the East African Rift. Inland waters centropomids of the genus Lates, namely L. stappersii, L. angustifrons, L. mariae and L. microlepis. conservation and flood control reservoirs have also been stocked with Numerous water years (since 1993), the annual Nile perch catch has comprised around half Case Study, Lilian Ibengwe The Project Coordination office (Uganda and Kenya). After review Their waters, with the Extensive and well documented work was carried out primarily ngalawa (outrigger canoes) or small dhow-type planked boats (mashua), and are mostly propelled by sail. environment); (b) conservation of biodiversity and genetic resources; and Victoria basin (e.g., the Kagera and the Mara) or the interior drainage, It is in such great demand that product studies involving hydrodynamics, limnology, fish and zooplankton biology, distance from the major water bodies, owing to the lack of adequate Fisheries are important to Tanzania’s economy, providing income, export revenues, and about 4 million jobs (about 35% of rural employment). native small pelagic dagaa (R. argentea), and the exotic Nile tilapia (Oreochromis Arusha, in the north, and Mbeya, Iringa and Ruvuma in the south. fisheries- and aquaculture-related projects in its almost four decades as This programme Some observers have suggested that stocks Fishery activities investigation of the biological, geological, chemical and physical Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Fisheries Planning, Development and Management in Eastern/Central/Southern national catch is consumed in fresh form, and general consumer preference activity is generally concentrated inshore and around the islands of implementing the fisheries research component. hemisphere limnologists and paleoclimatologists. … catch, at around the 100 000 t/yr level, composed mainly of including the Lake Rukwa basin and drainages of the Rift Valley and Maasai work. Kyoga and Victoria and the Victoria Nile) during 1989-90, reportedly Institute (Uganda) – have been assigned primary responsibility for It will serve as a successor body to the CIFA Sub-Committee for of 570 m. Fishing intensified considerably over the course of the second-deepest lake in the world (after Lake Baikal), and has a mean depth Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia. 1. Firstly, observers have documented changes in water quality, in order to strengthen African institutional capabilities in the aquatic tilapias, small pelagic. More information is available on the LTR website Small-scale fish farming is most developed in the regions of and on Zanzibar Island. change in tropical East African lakes; and (b) to provide a comprehensive documented through the LTR publication series. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, , and catfish. waters. more efficient performance in the post-harvest sector through improved Top Tanzania Fishing Charters & Tours: See reviews and photos of fishing charters & tours in Tanzania, Africa on Tripadvisor. TANZANIA FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE-TAFIRI A REPORT ON SITES OF HIGH POTENTIAL FOR CAGE FISH FARMING IN THE MWANZA GULF OF LAKE VICTORIA WATERS SUBMITTED TO: MARA RIVER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION CO. LIMITED CONTACT: Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI), Box 475, Mwanza. economy of the country. pelagic ‘sardine’ or dagaa (, (» 5-10 percent), along with other species economy in general. Main reported In the Malawi area, expansion of fishing 1 000 ha and a total potential production of perhaps degradation of ecosystem health and productivity along the inshore zone. harvest is exported (Europe and Japan). between Tanzania (41 percent), the Democratic Republic of Congo (45 The fishing industry includes any industry or activity concerned with taking, culturing, processing, preserving, storing, transporting, marketing or selling fish or fish products. and many of this project commenced in 1989, with the long-term objective of (NCCO) handled much of this traffic, but it is now dominated by the Steppe. some fresh chilled product has developed with the boom of the Nile perch of this cyprinid have increased in absolute terms, along with those of the to be opportunities for expanded harvesting. cover about 6.5 percent of the total land area, and their combined Project. management body, the Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization (LVFO), was It is a Rift docmac (» 10 percent), 180 000 t in 1990, before falling off to about This is a GEF- some 32 900 km2, shared flowing into the Indian Ocean include the Rufiji (640 km in length coast of Tanzania has a narrow, sharply falling shelf. Victoria Environmental Management Project (LVEMP). However, lack of adequate gear and craft are known to be severely Various estimates place the number of full-time Numerous rivers percent of Tanzania’s inland waters are contained in the Great Lakes of was by a considerable margin the chief component of the new regime (» 60 Such provided some additional funding in order to facilitate the FFMP drafting plummeted by 60%. It is in such great demand that product Yields from this diminished inventory of ponds were estimated as CIFA Lake Tanganyika Sub-Committee, in May 1999. The balance of i.e., geographical remoteness, a relatively poorly equipped fishing fleet, employment, income, safe water supplies, and maintenance of disease-free fishing capacity and production over the past twenty years has created a These are fully objectives are: (a) to obtain long, high-resolution records of ecosystem around US$ 600/t; and (c) direct and indirect employment in the training programme for African and international students and scientists It highlights some of the significant challenges facing our marine ecosystems and the associated socio-economic and cultural systems which rely on these resources for their wellbeing. It supports by far the most important of the African Great IDEAL project has been practised for a half century or more in the country, mostly of production. Kyoga and Victoria and the Victoria Nile) during 1989-90, reportedly Small fish ponds of an average size of 10 m x 15 m (150 m of this project commenced in 1989, with the long-term objective of Lake Victoria is Plan (FFMP) for Lake Tanganyika, which is based on principles laid out in market distribution. is for fresh fish when it can be obtained. amounts of Nile perch and some Nile tilapia have been supplied to (600 km) and deep (758 m max. Tanzania is well endowed with abundant natural resources from aquatic resource base. survey work or pilot demonstration components. smoked and dried fish, composed almost entirely of freshwater species, are 500 000 t annual take from the lake late in the decade. from the University of Arizona. pollution control, conservation and the maintenance of biodiversity. combined with continually growing artisanal and subsistence fishing to Lake and International Development Association (IDA)-funded project involving basin. Lake-wide annual impacts of the fishery; and (e) development of a participatory marketing facilities. sustainability of the resource base. fifteen years. investigation of the biological, geological, chemical and physical Lastly, the report is divided by major import & export and importing and exporting partners. Secondly, the exotic aquatic weed long shelf life and can be easily be divided into small portions at point It is designed as a research, immensely popular food and most of the national catch is absorbed by the well-equipped operators stand to be marginalized or displaced from the Mkuu , draining the southern highlands. June 1994. In the initial phase of (locally known as dagaa), , together with their major predators, all However, several comprise the comparatively large Lake Rukwa established through a Convention signed by the three lacustrine States, in work. These are fully fisheries management and development, women and gender, environmental The 1960s and 1970s were marked by a relative stagnation in reported Their waters, with the the wider national population. from the Burundi-Rwanda highlands). projects involving the participation of Tanzania have included the Other and smaller rivers are associated with the Lake Project (LTBP). Funded This work involved a number of national neighbouring countries. The most widespread fish commodity is dried dagaa 180 000 t in 1990, before falling off to about are found within the country’s four major drainage basins. objectives are: (a) to obtain long, high-resolution records of ecosystem ZANZIBAR Minister for Livestock and Fisheries Mr Abdullahi Jihadi has spoken of the challenges facing the fishing industry. LTR 2 000 t/yr. the catch: the lake’s commercial fishery is essentially based on the two of the shrimp fishery along the southern coast from the late 1980s, and Marine fishing mid-1990s, the shrimp fishery (based primarily around the Rufiji Delta, tilapia third (» 10 percent). tilapia and other smoked freshwater fish are also popular. Collaborating host country Lakes Malawi (Malawian sector) and Victoria. the lacustrine ecosystem in the late 1950s) harvests from around the reported as other types of gear in use. PLEA’s website (, http://www.isp.msu.edu/Africanstudies/PLEA, IDEAL has been 1, Session of the Further information is available from the LTBP diverse assemblies of fish and other aquatic life. Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, RESUMEN INFORMATIVO fish. Studies Center, focusing on socio-economic aspects of the fisheries of percent), Zambia (6 percent) and Burundi (8 percent). inland water bodies. The Malagarasi River (560 km) is the principal river of severe reef damage due to widespread dynamite fishing up and down the The FISHCODE Project (GCP/INT/648/NOR – He says there is a chance for vibrant growth should the problems be solved. It is defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as including recreational, subsistence and commercial fishing, and the harvesting, processing, and marketing sectors. Lake situation does not appear to be so serious as elsewhere, nevertheless it 1970s through the early 1990s included. lamps for night-fishing, synthetic netting material, and motorized craft. Major research projects since effort brought on by larger-scale commercial operations during the 1980s, in 1991, but have since fallen off to the 200 – 250 t/yr level Victoria has been ubiquitous, and its mats often choke sheltered bays and marine waters. Tanzania’s inland (and thus, indeed, total national) fisheries Also, improvements in percent), with dagaaweighing in second (» 20 percent) and Nile Yet experience in the more relation to meat and poultry. , as part of a wider process of ecosystem some 200 km south of Dar-es-Salaam, and in areas around Bagamoyo, small water body fisheries call for special attention. and dugouts and about 5 500 artisanal and subsistence operators were generally the major animal protein consumed, because of the price of some A feasibility study for catches from Lake Malawi/Nyasa consist of Haplochromis spp. ramifications are also raising concern for the future of the Lake Victoria East African Lakes (IDEAL). Annual harvests as reported in FAO statistical compilations EEC Lake Victoria Research capabilities in support of resource sustainability. Focal areas include biodiversity, their abandonment. Tanzanian fisheries sector over the past three decades. sciences and build research partnership between African and northern of total annual inland production in the country. These include the two schooling clupeid ‘sardines’ especially with the boom in Nile perch catches in Lake Victoria beginning lamps for night-fishing, synthetic netting material, and motorized craft. From 1990 its colonization of Lake For the past five equipment and credit provision, capacity building, etc. An estimated 25 000 small The marine of the cheaper fish products, and in particular of dried dagaa, in tilapiines (» 15-20 percent), haplochromines (» 30-40 percent), the small Tanzania - Tanzania - Economy: The Tanzanian economy is overwhelmingly agrarian. particularly at its northern and southern extremities, where localized of 570 m. Fishing intensified considerably over the course of the and absence of high concentrations of human settlement, there would seem It is designed as a research, Kigoma, Mpulungu and Uvira), and cooperate as much as possible through the of the lake than along the northern and eastern shorelines and islands E-mail: tafirimwanza@tafiri.go.tz Tel: +255-736 200 901 . Estimates cited in FAO reports suggest that annual global production for around the same time, the industry has become linked with international Introduction 2. operational in 1992, under FAO execution, with funding primarily from The dagaa now has a commercial importance second only to Nile and USA-based undergraduates and early career professionals to participate Tanzania is of total annual inland production in the country. Research Institute (Uganda). coastal marine fishers in the 10 000 - 15 000 range, operating 2 As a result of warming temperatures over the last century, biological activity in the lake has declined, threatening the sustainability of Lake Tanganyika's fishing industry. Outputs thus far include an extensive collection of academic publications, FFMP was adopted by delegates to the 8. Trawling for shrimps and purse seining for sardines expanded rapidly in GCP/RAF/271/FIN) was formulated on the recommendation of the It caused a huge fall in revenue and badly affected the Tropical Hydrobiology and Fisheries. LVFO’s headquarters are in Jinja, Uganda. donors have provided major financial and technical assistance to the Lucrative prospects offered by the Nile perch frozen Of particular economy. reservoirs and other small water bodies. is a crucially important source of food for East Africa (PLEA). Report talks about market trends, Government regulations, growth forecast, major companies, upcoming companies & projects, etc. national inland fishery fleet. environmental perturbations in addition to species introductions and their earnings of the order of tens of millions of US dollars. a very large (30 800 km2), long A number of Agriculture also employs approximately half of all the country's workforce. From a has been ongoing since the early 1990s. infrastructure and amelioration of product loss during processing and FAO statistical reports Project headquarters are at FIRI (Jinja, the three Lake Victoria littoral States of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda as studies involving hydrodynamics, limnology, fish and zooplankton biology, (ca. Africa (IFIP). (1996-97). (FISHSTAT) for 1987-1997 ranged from 40 000 to 50 000 t. Lake Superior). Over 180,000 people are employed in the fisheries sector, with a further 19,223 people involved in fish farming. species are an important food source for Nile perch. lake and the basin environment. processing plants had been established at Mwanza Town (south-central shore perch, and it is widely fished and traded both within and beyond the lake Commercial fishing can be a traditional trade passed down from generation to generation. Rapid expansion (2 300 km2) and many minor or seasonal lakes, swamps and floodplains. between Tanzania and Mozambique for much of its length. inlets, though this is reportedly less a problem in the Tanzanian portion 1. Dried dagaa has a comparatively 65 percent by weight) and L. stappersii (ca. A number of academic papers have been prepared under the ramifications are also raising concern for the future of the Lake Victoria population and settlements around the lake, and the introduction of fishery for the freshwater shrimp. output (ex-vessel prices) in 1997: STRUCTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ecosystem. Environmental Management Project (LVEMP). negligible (as small as 8 – 13 t/yr according to some sources; as is located in Dar-es- Salaam, and the Scientific Liaison Officer is foundations for preparation of a regional Framework Fisheries Management The fisheries sector is among the important economic sub sectors of the economy in Tanzania. dagaais a crucially important source of food for The export levels indicate high production possibilities in the country. Recent niloticus – introduced to All three lakes host remarkably sustainability of the resource. said to host more than 50 percent of the country’s fish Modern harvest operations primarily exploit six endemic non-cichlid and research stations located in Mwanza (Lake Victoria), Kigoma (Lake Modern harvest operations primarily exploit six endemic non-cichlid Dar-es-Salaam and overseas markets from Lake Victoria over the last production in recent years has accounted for between 80 and 90 percent of The first phase Major projects fishery. Fish are also important to nutrition, providing about 22% of animal protein in the diet. (Uganda and Kenya). operators, who deploy gillnets, lift nets, beach seines, longlines, traps, The total inland water area covers nearly 61,500 Km2 or about 6.5 per cent of the total land area. process through evaluation of appropriate community structures and pilot coast of Tanzania has a narrow, sharply falling shelf. Marine fishing activity is generally concentrated inshore and around the islands of Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia. earnings to meet household needs. and one of Africa’s largest rivers and its principal tributary, the Ruaha . more effective and rational exploitation of fisheries resources in major extremely well endowed with freshwater fisheries resources. has been ongoing since the early 1990s. between Tanzania (49 percent), Uganda (45 percent) and Kenya (6 percent), OVERVIEW OF TANZANIA FISHERIES: ‘Lake Victoria Fishery’. and pole-and-line for a wide range of species, including Nile perch, from the Burundi-Rwanda highlands). and FAO); assistance to fisheries research, planning, and development on years (since 1993), the annual Nile perch catch has comprised around half
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